Nursing care in the patient with diabetic foot considering Dorothea Orem’s theory

Abstract

The diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic diseases of major development in the 21st century, and the diabetic foot, one of the most frequent complications, which has unleashed a great problem of public health, affecting every time a major number of persons. The role of infirmary in the prevention and taken care to the patient with diabetic foot it is priority since it is possible to reduce the complications and risks of infection, necrosis, or amputation of the affected extremity, improving the quality of life of the one who suffers it.

Objective: To describe nursing care in the patient with diabetic foot, in light of the Dorothea Orem theory.

Materials and methods: Bibliographic review of 45 studies related to nursing care in patients with diabetic foot, found in databases such as academic google, Scielo, Pub Med, Elsevier, Key Clinic.

Results: The checked literature allows to infer that the care infirmary in the patient with diabetic foot is fundamental, provided that they were proved favorable in the processes of attention of infirmary focused in educational roles, where programs develop with theoretical bases promoting knowledge related to the autocare in the light of Dorothea Orem's Theory.

Conclusions: Education was seen as a factor of care in the work of nursing, in the prevention of diabetic foot and its treatment, in the same way, benefits were found after educational interventions, demonstrating the effectiveness of implementing educational programs focused on self-care of the patient, since it allows to increase the level of knowledge and commitment of the patient to the management of hyperglycemia, pharmacological treatment, diet and exercise.