Validation of trauma scales: experience at a trauma care enter in southern Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61182/rnavmed.v8n2a3Keywords:
Glasgow coma scale, Revised Trauma Score, Shock IndexAbstract
Introduction: trauma is a public health problem that affects millions of people each year, generating a high rate of disability and mortality in young patients. Trauma scales are used to predict the prognosis of multiple trauma patients on admission to the emergency room. The use of these tools forces health personnel to be skilled in their interpretation, and thus direct management. The objective of the research is to validate the different trauma scales in patients managed in a hospital in Colombia.
Methodology: descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study of multiple trauma patients who were admitted to a trauma center between January and December 2019. The shock index (SI) was determined as a prognostic variable that generated two groups: group A (SI less than 0.9) and group B (IS greater than 0.9), in relation to this, the clinical findings were evaluated and the Injury Severity Index (ISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS) and the Glasgow Coma Scale were evaluated.
Results: 180 patients were analyzed, 56.6 % presented SI less than 0.9 and 43.3 % greater than 0.9. The ISS for group A yielded a mean of 13.7, however, the patients who died in that group had an ISS greater than 24. The mean RTS was 7.2. The mean GCS was 11.7 and those patients who died had GCS less than 9. The overall mortality in group A was 16.6 %. For group B, mortality was 80.7 %, the behavior of the ISS was greater than 30.9, the RTS presented a mean of 6.3 and the average of the GCS was 8.2.
Conclusion: it was determined that the Shock Index allows predicting an unfavorable prognosis in trauma patients, which is correlated and validated when applying the ISS and GCS in the emergency room.
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