Risk Factors associated with Arterial Hypertension in adults

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Arterial Hypertension (AHT) is a non-communicable, lethal disease which is hardly diagnosed in its early stages. and it has been recognized as a multifactorial pathology. Nowadays, the risk factors associated with HBP are grouped into modifiable (diet and lifestyles) and non-modifiable (age, gender and inheritance). Modifiable risk factors for AHT are classified as behavioral, they are linked to lifestyle and prone to change in some acquired habits, such as smoking and unbalanced diet. These diets are rich in calories or fat, poor in vegetable and fruit consumption, low physical activity, sodium intake, stress, gene-nutrient interaction (epigenetics) among others that could be implicated in developing some associated diseases. Hypertensive disorders are problems of public health interest, causing serious cardiovascular alterations and increasing morbidity and mortality rates. This review is focused on the risk factors associated with Arterial Hypertension in adults.