Estudio sobre composición corporal y control glucémico en diabetes tipo 1: terapia con infusión de insulina y monitoreo continuo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61182/rnavmed.v10n1a4Palabras clave:
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1, Composición corporal, Control glucémico, Infusión subcutánea de insulina, HbA1c, Monitoreo continuo de glucosaResumen
Introducción: el incremento del sobrepeso y la obesidad representa un desafío cada vez más frecuente en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). Estas condiciones pueden impactar negativamente en el manejo metabólico, aumentando el riesgo de complicaciones asociadas.
Objetivo: establecer los cambios en la composición corporal y control glucémico en pacientes con DM1 tras tres meses de iniciar terapia con infusión subcutánea continua de insulina (CSII) más CGM.
Materiales y métodos: se analizaron los cambios ocurridos a los 3 meses de iniciar terapia con infusión subcutánea continua de insulina (CSII) y monitoreo continuo de glucosa (CGM) en un grupo de pacientes (n=30). Se evaluaron parámetros relacionados con la composición corporal (peso, talla, índice de masa corporal, porcentaje de grasa corporal, masa muscular y grasa visceral), control glucémico (HbA1c, coeficiente de variación y tiempo en rango -TIR), así como la cantidad de insulina utilizada y los carbohidratos consumidos.
Resultados: un total de 29 pacientes con DM1 completaron tres meses de tratamiento con CSII y CGM. Al final del seguimiento, se observó una reducción en la mediana de HbA1c, pasando de 7,5 % (RIC 7 – 8,7) a 6,8 % (RIC 6,7 % – 7,1 %) (p <0,0001). Además, el TIR dentro del rango objetivo (70 – 180 mg/dl) se incrementó de 70 % (RIC 57 % – 78 %) a 79 % (RIC 68 % – 85 %) (p = 0,0080). No se registraron modificaciones significativas en los indicadores de composición corporal ni en la cantidad diaria de insulina administrada.
Conclusión: en pacientes con DM1 que recibieron CSII y CGM durante un periodo de tres meses, no se identificaron cambios relevantes en la composición corporal. No obstante, se evidenció una mejora en el control glucémico, reflejada en la disminución de HbA1c y el aumento del tiempo dentro del rango glucémico objetivo.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Carlos Javier Vizcaino Guerrero, Adriana Medina Orjuela, Diana Carolina Coral Coral, Julio Edil Benítez Montes, Carlos Hernán Calderón Franco, Amina Luz Ely Páez
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
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