Study on body composition and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes: insulin infusion therapy and continuous monitoring
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61182/rnavmed.v10n1a4Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, Body composition, Glycemic control, Subcutaneous insulin infusion, HbA1c, Continuous glucose monitoringAbstract
Introduction: the increase in overweight and obesity represents an increasingly frequent challenge in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). These conditions can negatively impact metabolic management, increasing the risk of associated complications.
Objective: to establish changes in body composition and glycemic control in patients with DM1 after three months of initiating therapy with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) plus CGM.
Materials and methods: the changes that occurred 3 months after initiating therapy with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) were analyzed in a group of patients (n=30). Parameters related to body composition (weight, height, body mass index, body fat percentage, muscle mass and visceral fat), glycemic control (HbA1c, coefficient of variation and time in range -TIR), as well as the amount of insulin used and carbohydrates consumed were evaluated.
Results: a total of 29 patients with DM1 completed three months of treatment with CSII and CGM. At the end of follow-up, a reduction in median HbA1c was observed from 7.5% (RIC 7 - 8.7) to 6.8% (RIC 6.7% - 7.1%) (p<0.0001). In addition, the TIR within the target range (70 - 180 mg/dl) increased from 70% (RIC 57% - 78%) to 79 % (RIC 68% - 85%) (p = 0.0080). There were no significant changes in body composition indicators or in the daily amount of insulin administered.
Conclusion: in patients with DM1 who received CSII and CGM for a period of three months, no relevant changes in body composition were identified. However, an improvement in glycemic control was evidenced, reflected in a decrease in HbA1c and an increase in time within the target glycemic range.
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